This course is a philosophical introduction to formal logic and probability theory – their methods, applications, and foundations. In the first half of the course, we’ll study the syntax and semantics of sentential and predicate logic. This involves constructing mathematical structures that formally represent, to some degree of abstraction, the meanings of sentences in natural languages, such as English. In the second half of the course, we’ll study different kinds of probability theories and the laws that govern them. Learning about the core principles of deductive and inductive logic will strengthen our ability to think critically and with less susceptibility to fallacies.
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